The wind industry has been a renewable energy star pupil since its  widespread adoption but its teenage years are throwing up new and  unfamiliar issues. 
            London, UK --                               According to the latest BTM 'World Market Update' report,  approximately 23,000 turbines, capable of generating more than 38 GW of  wind energy, were installed worldwide in 2009, pushing the global total  to a figure in excess of 160 GW — a record year for the industry.                 
The strength of the sector, it said, came despite the ongoing  financial crisis, which continues to shake many of the world's major  economies and ravage their industries.
Over the course of the year, Europe lost its title as the largest  wind power continent, installing 28.2% of 2009's global capacity, down  from a figure of 51% three years previous. The Americas picked up some  of the slack coming in with 30% of the year's total, up from 11.3% the  previous year. But far in the lead was Asia, which saw a growth rate of  59% on year, and accounted for 41% of global installations during the  year.
On the supply side, 2009 was also a strong year for Asia with three  Chinese companies making in into the list of the world's top 10  suppliers, which, said the report, resulted in significant losses of  market share for some of the more established majors.
Despite a strong appetite for wind in the long term, 2010 to date has  proved to be something of a challenge, with demand in Europe falling  and manufacturing capacity being cut. Licensing uncertainties and  significant time lags between planning and implementation are going some  way to fuelling fears of a temporary downturn in wind.
Gamesa
Spanish-headquartered Gamesa designs, manufactures, installs and  maintains wind turbines. It has installed more than 19 GW with a further  3 GW in various stages of development in more than 20 countries and  four continents.
It manages the entire turbine process from design, manufacture and  installation through to and including operation and maintenance. The  company also designs and manufactures its own blades, blade roots and  moulds for blade and tower manufacture.
The company has manufacturing facilities across Europe, the United  States, China and India. Its workforce of more than 6000 staff is  capable of manufacturing 4.4 GW of turbines each year.

(Source: Gamesa)
The firm is currently developing two offshore models, with capacities  of 5 MW and of 6-7 MW, in anticipation of further development in the  North Sea over the coming years.
In early November the company was ranked global leader in the  renewable energy equipment industry, according to a sustainability  ranking produced by the Dow Jones Sustainability World Index.
October saw Gamesa sign supply contracts for 251 MW of turbines to  China, a month after it reached strategic agreements to supply 1.31 GW  of capacity to the country between 2010 and 2013.
In addition it set a 15% annual growth rate which it hopes will see it achieve 4 GW/year in sales by 2013.
The company plans to base its offshore wind energy business in the  UK, backed by an investment of €150 million between 2011 and 2011.
A global headquarters for its offshore division will be established in London.
E.On
Germany's E.On is one of the top 10 wind power operators in the world  and aspires to rise further up the global rankings. In Europe and the  US it has more than 70 onshore wind farms with a combined capacity in  excess of 2. 8 GW.
The company says it is committed to further large-scale investments  and to expanding its on and offshore installed capacity to about 10 GW  by 2015.
E.On operates the 782 MW Roscoe wind farm in Texas, US, the world's  largest onshore wind farm. It is also very active in offshore wind  energy and is currently developing a portfolio of projects in UK,  Scandinavian and German waters.
The company developed the 120 MW Scroby Sands offshore windfarm off  the Norfolk coast in England. Its 30 turbines, each rated at 2 MW.  E.On's latest offshore windfarm is the 60-turbine Robin Rigg project in  Scotland, which is one of the country's largest. Construction began in  2007 and was completed this year.
E.On is also one of the partner companies developing the London Array  project along the English coast in cooperation with DONG Energy and  Masdar.
When complete the London Array will be the largest offshore windfarm  in the world with a capacity of 1 GW. Located more than 20 km from the  Kent and Essex coasts in the outer Thames Estuary, one of the three  strategic areas the UK government has identified for offshore wind farm  development, construction began in July 2009 and the first stage is set  to be completed by 2012.
Vestas
Denmark's Vestas is a long-term player in the wind industry and its roots can be traced back as far as 1898.
In 1987 the company opted to concentrate exclusively on wind energy  and by the end of June 2010 it had installed 41,417 turbines giving it  an installed capacity of just under 40 GW, the vast majority of which is  onshore. Its current offshore installed capacity falls just short of 1  GW, of which the UK accounts for 484 MW from 182 turbines.
Its turbines' ratings range from 850 kW through to its latest 3.0 MW  V112 model, which is designed for both on and offshore use. In September  a manually produced prototype of the V112 suffered a blade detachment  at its test site in Lem, Denmark, causing its shares to slide  temporarily. But plans to supply 140 commercially produced V112s to  Australia's Macarthur Wind Farm remain firmly in place.

(Source: Vestas)
Nonetheless, Vestas has been unable to avoid the effects of the  global economic downturn and in late October the company announced that  it plans to close a number of its manufacturing units, principally in  Denmark.
Along with back office functions, the resulting job losses will total  about 3000 people. The decision, said the company, was largely based on  weaker-than-expected demand in Europe.
However, despite the staffing cull, Vestas at the same time  reiterated its expectations for 2010. But the company has sliced planned  investment which will now not exceed €900 million.
For next year the company expects firm and unconditional orders of 7—8 GW.
Activity in terms of produced and shipped megawatts is expected to  come in at 6 GW during the year, generating a positive free cash flow of  €650 million, said the company.
Over the course of the year Vestas has taken receipt of its largest  order to date from Portugal's EDPR for 1.5 GW and up to 2.1 GW.
The agreement covers supply, installation and commissioning of wind  turbines for delivery to North America, South America and Europe in 2011  and 2012, with the possibility of a 600 MW extension through to 2011.
The company say it is also continuing to work on its plans for development of a 6 MW offshore turbine.
Iberdrola Renovables
Spain's Iberdola Renovables already claims to be the top wind energy  company in the world in terms of installed capacity, output and project  portfolio. And, in addition, the company's plans to invest €9 billion  over the 2010—2012 period to bolster its position.
Growth in the period to 2012 is expected to come mainly from the  United States, where it will plan to invest €4.9 billion, 55% of its  total capex budget. In the UK, meanwhile, the firm plans to invest 21%  of its budget, or €1.9 billion, while in its home market of Spain it  plans to invest 11%, or €1 billion. The rest of the world will receive  13% of the capex budget, or €1.2 billion.
The goal, says the company, is to accumulate more than 16 GW of  installed capacity by 2012. Iberdrola also expects its operating  earnings to rise by 15%—20% a year in the period.
Iberdrola Renovables is a member of the group of companies headed by  its sole shareholder Iberdrola SA, which owns 80% of the capital.  Iberdrola Renovables, in turn, is the parent for a group of companies in  Spain and elsewhere.
Iberdrola Renovables operates in more than 20 countries including  Brazil, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Ireland, Mexico,  Poland, Portugal, Spain, the UK and the United States.
In the UK the parent company owns one of the country's major utility  groups, Scottish Power, and by extension ScottishPower Renewables which  operates Europe's largest onshore windfarm, the 322 MW Whitelees  windfarm in Scotland.
Siemens
Siemens Wind Power started life as Danregn Vindkraft in 1980, before being renamed Bonus Energy in 1983.
In December 2004 it was acquired by Siemens and remains a wholly-owned subsidiary of the German engineering giant.
The company has developed a wide range of on and offshore wind  turbines with current machines offering power ratings in the 2.3—3.6 MW  range and with some 8735 turbines installed.

(Source: Siemens)
Siemens in 2009 had a 5.9% share of the 38 GW global wind energy market, according to the most recent BTM report.
In recent months the company has announced that it is on track to  build a new wind turbine factory in the UK that should be operational by  2014 and create 700 jobs.
In October Siemens said it plans to produce a new 6 MW direct-drive offshore wind turbine at the facility.
At present more than 40% of UK-generated wind power is derived from Siemens machinery and technology.
Siemens turbines account for 77% of the UK's installed and under development offshore wind farms.
The company says it has also played a key role in the development of  the UK's first modern apprenticeship scheme for the renewable energy  sector.
Speaking at the launch of the scheme in Glasgow in early November,  Christopher Ehlers, head of Siemens Wind Power UK, said: 'As the leading  supplier of offshore and onshore wind turbines, grid connections and  service and maintenance in the UK, our support of the apprenticeship  scheme is critical.'
Notable projects using Siemens turbines include the Windy Flats and  Tuolumne wind farms in the United States with a total capacity of 358  MW, Wolfe Island in Canada with 197.8 MW installed, Whitelee in  Scotland, UK, with 322 MW installed, Smola in Norway with 150.4 MW, West  Wind in New Zealand with a capacity of 142.6 MW and Xinjiang in China —  Asia's first wind farm, which was developed in 1989 with a total rated  capacity of 2 MW.
GE
GE has installed more than 13,500 wind turbines worldwide and has  manufacturing and assembly facilities in Germany, Norway, China, Canada  and the United States. The company's current product portfolio includes  turbines with rated capacities from 1.5 MW to 4 MW.
In May GE and US-based Lake Erie Energy Development Corporation  announced a long-term partnership covering the development of the first  fresh-water offshore wind farm in the US and a broad range of other  initiatives. Under the partnership, GE is set to provide direct-drive  wind turbines to LEEDCo's 20 MW offshore wind project in the Ohio waters  of Lake Erie.
GE also plans to install up to five offshore demonstration turbines  through two separate partnerships, with both set to use the company's  largest wind turbine — a 4 MW-rated machine.
The company recently said it will invest €340 million to develop and  expand its European wind turbine manufacturing, engineering and service  facilities in the UK, Norway, Sweden and Germany.
NextEra
US-based NextEra, formerly FPL, provides more than 25% of the total  wind energy generation energy in the United States. The company entered  the wind generation sector in 1989 with the acquisition of several  existing wind projects in Southern California and built its first wind  farm in Oregon in 1998. The next 10 years, said the company, were marked  by significant growth and the acquisition of two wind projects in  Canada.
NextEra is the largest generator of wind-powered electricity in North  America, with 76 facilities across 17 US states and Canada. It operates  about 9000 turbines which collectively have a nameplate generating  capacity of some 7500 MW.
In 2009 the company invested about $11 billion in its wind interests.  It also operates solar and nuclear sites and reported 2009 revenues of  more than $15 billion from nearly 43 GW of generating capacity. It  employs more than 15,000 people across 28 US states and Canada.
Sinovel
China-based Sinovel Wind Group is an independent designer, developer  and manufacturer of large-scale on and offshore series wind turbines.
By 2008, only three years after the company was founded, Sinovel Wind  Group had installed 1.4 GW of wind turbines, ranking it first in China  and seventh in the world. In 2009, it installed a further 3.51 GW of  turbines, holding its position as China's leading producer, and  propelling it into third place in the global rankings. In 2009 it  launched a 5 MW offshore wind turbine.
The Beijing-headquartered company also regards itself as a leading  innovator in China's wind power equipment manufacturing. The company  provided all 34 of the 3 MW-rated wind turbines for the new Shanghai  Donghai Bridge offshore wind farm.
Suzlon
India's Suzlon, launched in 1995 with a staff of just 20, has evolved  into a leading wind power company with 16,000 employees in 25 countries  and with operations across the Americas, Asia, Australia and Europe.
The company has a fully integrated supply chain with manufacturing  facilities in three continents as well as R&D facilities in Belgium,  Denmark, Germany, India and the Netherlands.
Suzlon's global market share last year, combined with that of its  2009-acquired German wind turbine manufacturer REpower, rose to 9.8%,  making the group the third largest wind turbine manufacturing company in  the world.
The company has over 40 sites across eight states in India, and had installed in excess of 5 GW by September.
With a global project portfolio across Asia, Australia, Europe and  North and South America, Suzlon recently announced plans to set up a new  office in South Africa, where the country's wind energy association  believes could derive 25% of its energy from wind by 2025. The firm is  in the tendering process for more than 800 MW in South Africa, where  wind potential is estimated at about 184 TWh.
In late October Suzlon reported a group order book worth $5.4 billion and Q2 revenues of $847 million.
RWE
RWE has operated onshore wind farms for more than 10 years in Europe.  In Spain and the UK, the company says it has built a solid foundation  for its growing business with its existing wind farms. In Germany and  the Netherlands, RWE Innogy significantly increased its capacity when it  acquired the wind farms of Dutch energy supplier Essent. It currently  has some 2.2 GW of installed capacity and 1.1 GW under construction.
RWE's existing wind farms include those in North Hoyle and Rhyl  Flats, at 60 MW and 90 MW respectively, off the UK's Welsh coast.  Nearby, the company is also planning a 576 MW offshore farm at Gwynt y  Mor.
Off the English coast RWE is involved with the 504 MW Greater Gabbard  project. The firm has secured development licences for two other UK  offshore projects, the 1.5 GW Atlantic Array in the Bristol Channel and  the massive Dogger Bank scheme off Yorkshire, which is expected to have  an installed capacity of 9 GW. Off the German coast the company is  building the 295 MW Nordsee Ost, for which the European Union is  providing some €50 millon of funding.
Nordex
Germany's Nordex was launched in 1985 and in 1995 introduced the  first megawatt system in the world, the N54. Today more than 4000 Nordex  wind turbines with a total rated output of more than 5720 MW are  operating in 34 countries.
Represented with offices and subsidiaries in 18 countries, in the  third quarter of 2010, business fell short of the company's  expectations, chiefly due to weak market conditions. Thus, Nordex has  launched a cost-cutting programme as well as an initiative to boost the  efficiency of its turbines. Furthermore, and contrary to previous  forecasts, it no longer expects a small increase in sales for 2010.
In October Nordex USA announced the official opening of its flagship  wind turbine manufacturing plant in the US, representing a $40 million  investment, which will manufacture nacelles for its 2.5 MW Gamma series  machines.
The latest order announced by the firm was obtained by its Turkish  subsidiary and is for the supply of 18 machines for the 'Susurluk' wind  farm. The farm is owned by Iltek Iletisim, the energy subsidiary of the  Eksim Group. Nordex also announced an order for the turnkey installation  of a the 'Akres' project in Turkey, with 18 N90/2500 machines. This  development is for Karesi Enerji, a subsidiary of the Turkish  transformer manufacturer Best.
David Beattie is associate editor of Renewable Energy World magazine












                                                  